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David Donald of Hamilton, Ontario, and Paola Leyton of Santiago, Chile, were married in Chile in 2002 and moved to Ontario with her mother in 2005. The couple subsequently birthed a child. In 2006, Leyton and her mother took the child out of the Donald-Leyton household and didn't leave an address of where they were staying. Leyton claimed Donald had become an alcoholic and had sexually assaulted them.
The Court in Donald v. Leyton determined that the allegations by Leyton were exaggerated and that she herself had shown violent behavior toward Donald. Donald was granted sole custody of the child with maternal access on alternating weekends and one evening per week. The Court determined that Donald's family was tightly-knit and that he was employed with the same corporation for more than two decades. Therefore, the Court ruled that the child would have a more stable life living with Donald and felt that it was in the best interests of the child to reside with Donald.
In order to determine the best interests of the child, the Court considers a non-exhaustive list of elements that examine the family's life to help determine what actions will be in the best interest of the children. A few main areas that are examined are below:
However, custody can be granted to one parent, and access can be granted to the other parent. Sole Custody empowers the custodial parent to make decisions regarding the children without the consent of the other parent. The other parent can be awarded parental access. This access can mean a set number of nights and weekends each month in addition to scheduled holidays.

Child Abduction and the Benefit of the Passport Control List
When a parent threatens to abduct their child or has previously abducted their child, it would be beneficial for the custodial parent to make an application to Passport Canada in order to register their child on a Passport Control List.
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